A civilian enforcer ( CEO or colloquial traffic warden ) is the person employed to enforce parking, traffic, and other restrictions as well as laws in the UK & amp; Wales. In the UK, they are employed by the county council, the London Borough Council, the metropolitan district council or Transport for London, and in Wales by the borough - or a private company contracted by one of the above. Until the 2004 Traffic Management Act was passed, road parking violations and traffic violations were upheld by unautured police traffic guards employed by police officers. Off-road parking offenses are upheld by parking officers employed by local authorities and private companies.
Video Civil enforcement officer
Powers
Civilian enforcement officers can only perform their functions while wearing a uniform endorsed by the Secretary of State. They may issue Penalties Charging Notifications for various offenses (regulated by Civil law), either through a handheld device or CCTV. They may check and confiscate blue badges. They may interview riders who are suspected of having a fraudulent badge scam under supervision. They can paralyze the vehicle. Cost notification penalties are not criminal proceedings, and failure to pay will result in certified court officials serving the warrants of execution. They may issue punishment for several moving violations, including driving on the bus lane, executing a banned round and driving the wrong way on a one-way system. They can punish for failure to display valid road taxes. More and more civilian enforcement officers employed by some authorities issue a fixed penalty for non-traffic violations using the Community Protection scheme of the 2002 Police Reform Act. These violations include environmental crimes such as fly-tipping and spitting, as well as anti-social behavior such as noise breaches and truancy, in addition to issuing tickets for parking and traffic violations.
Maps Civil enforcement officer
Belgium
In Belgium, municipalities use Stadswacht (en) (City Guard (s)); this public but civilian official can be compared with civilian enforcement officers and can only write reports sent to judges who decide whether according to the findings the guards reported fines will be issued. In Belgium Stadswachten can be recognized by the purple jackets they wear.
Netherlands
In the Dutch municipality used Stadswachten (City Guard) until 2004, these officers were public civil servants patrolling the city but lacking the power to finance civilians. These days Stadswachten no longer exists and the Garda department is transformed into a Handhaving unit (Enforcement). Unlike the British City Wardens, Handhavers (Enforcers) do not have civilian status but are fully public officials and have limited police force, all of these officers are sworn by BOA (Special Enforcement Officers) and have the power to hold people to confirm their identity, people search for evidence of identification or offensive or dangerous weapons (if arrested), investigate certain offenses and crimes, issue permanent penalties, make unsecured arrests and use force with or without the use of weapons (rods, pepperspray). Most city enforcement officers (BOA) are equipped with handcuffs. Some cities also issued police sticks to their officers. Under Dutch law, some BOAs can be equipped with pepperspray (Utrecht City and Amsterdam in 2016) and pistols (EDE City and Enschede) if those needs are evidenced by city councils and mayors. Also the BOA who works for the Dutch Penitentiary Service (Dienst Vervoer en Ondersteuning) who performs transport and guard duties for the Dutch Prison is equipped with batons, pepperspray and pistols. They also support the Dutch police whenever and wherever it is needed. Failure to comply with orders provided by the BOA may lead to arrest.
In 2014 the Department of Justice ordered the creation of a national-style uniform for BOAs employed by the municipality. Up to that date each city has its own uniform. New uniforms are based on national police uniforms but with completely different colors and unique elements. The name used in this uniform is HANDHAVING and consists of dark blue cargo pants, two colored polo shirts (navy blue and kbaly) with ribbon boxes on the chest. On the chest and behind is the text "Handhaving" and in the arm is a BOA patch that consists of hand holding a stick in front of the shield. Subsequently, the officers wore Spanish-style police caps with metal checker bands and BOA metal badges on the front. Officers are allowed to wear high-heeled shoes with leg trousers wrapped around them. Several cities issued anti-stab vest officers in the same color as polo shirts, though some cities use high visibility yellow vests. Most major cities also use BOA bicycle patrols, motorcycle units (Amsterdam and Rotterdam), patrol vehicles in marked cars or clothing clerks.
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Source of the article : Wikipedia
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