List of residents is a government database containing information on where people live today. In countries where residential registration is mandatory, the current residence should be reported to the registry or police office within a few days after establishing a new residence. In some countries, residential information may be obtained indirectly from the voter register or SIM registration. In addition to formal population registers or resident lists, residential information needs to be disclosed in many situations, such as voter registration, passport application, and updates related to driver's license, motor vehicle registration, and many other purposes. Permanent residence is a common criterion for taxation including a person's income tax assessment.
Video Resident registration
Afrika
Afrika Selatan
South Africa introduced the Registration of Population Registration in 1950, which created a national population list, and required racial classification, and the issuance of identity cards. This system forms an important part of the law, one of the dominant features of the South African apartheid system, following the Native Law and Amendment Laws and the Elimination of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents Act 1952 regulates its use. The system of apartheid effectively ended in 1986.
Maps Resident registration
America
Canada
Canada does not have a compulsory residence, although residential information needs to be disclosed in many situations, such as voter registration, passport application, provincial health care card, and updated on driver's license, motor vehicle registration, and many other purposes.
United States
Neither the US federal government nor the US state has an official population registration system. Refusing or neglecting to answer questions for the US Census, such as the current address, may be penalized by a $ 100 fine, for a property or business agent failing to provide an appropriate name for a census subject to a $ 500 penalty, and for the agent's business to provide a wrong answer for the census may be fined $ 10,000. Applicants in the Selective Service System (conscription in the United States) must notify the Selective Services within 10 days of any change to any of the information he/she provides on his registration card, such as a change of address. In California, anyone with a driver's license must notify the DMV of an address change within 10 days or face a $ 214 general fine, and anyone who has filed or received a vehicle registration must notify the DMV of the change of address within 10 days or face a typical fine of $ 178.
Voter registration has residence requirements and is used for jury duties and other government duties.
A person's current address is often registered for state-issued ID and SIM cards. In some jurisdictions, "driver's licenses" or "non-driver photo identification cards" are issued as documents containing details of where to live. Each country has its own terms to keep documents up-to-date and can require people moving to the state to get a driver's license from the state within a certain period of time (usually 10-90 days).
Foreigners in the United States who stay for more than thirty days are usually required to apply to the federal government in accordance with the Smith Law and to bring proof of registration at any time; for permanent residents, proof of registration comes in the form of permanent residence cards ("green card"), for other foreigners, this may be a Work Authorization Document (EAD) or an I-94 card together with a valid passport.
Europe
European Union
In the European Union, a regulation for the European census is agreed that enables a registration-based census that can use updated information continuously from the national population register with statistical corrections taken from a sample census. carried out on other magnitudes of the polls. The first list census was conducted in 1981 in Denmark, followed by other Nordic countries. Germany, Austria and Switzerland intend to use a register-based census model for the EU Census scheduled for 2011. Given the financial benefits, it is expected that more countries will turn to the census model of registration.
Austria
The residence reporting requirement ( Meldepflicht ) requires changing the address to be registered and re-registered within 3 days. The current residence is reported via the registration form (Meldezettel Meldezettel ) sent to the local administrative authority ( Gemeindeamt or Magistratisches Bezirksamt in cities).
On March 1, 2002, the list of local residents was centrally stored in the newly established Zentrales Melderegister (ZMR) ) or LMR), which is synchronized with the database center. The residence documents of the database are called Meldeauskunft , and include information about a third person except those that have been submitted to restrict public access (< i> Auskunftsperre ). In 2006, ZMR expanded to include additional personal details from civil lists; Expected to include notes from more government databases.
Permanent access to ZMR is granted to some professions requiring regular residency checks such as attorneys, banks, professional associations, and collection agencies.
Belgium
In Belgium, the change of address must be announced to the municipality within eight days of its inception. The municipality verifies the change of address by sending police or city officials to the new address. If the confirmed residence change is registered in the city and national register and the residents or citizens concerned must submit themselves to the municipality to have their national identity card and every motor vehicle registration letter renewed. Change of address forwarded by city government to social security agent.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
The list of residents must be handled separately by regional offices even before Yugoslavia is split into sovereign states.
Denmark
The resident register must be run by folkeregister who submits the CPR number (Central Personnel Number). Foreigners must register when intending to stay more than six months.
Finnish
The resident register must be run by the Population Register Center, a government agency that also submits a Personal Identity Code, consisting of eleven characters: six digits for date of birth, one character for the birth century, three additional digits and one character checksum. Many companies and communities have signed up for direct access to the population list. After the relocation, someone only needs to declare a new address to the resident residents and these companies will update their address registers accordingly. While this makes it easier to handle administrative tasks to take on new homes, it is also criticized for the lack of privacy of personal data.
French
France uses a national identity card ( carte nationale d'identità © à © curisà © e or CNIS), an official non-compulsory identity document. The address information on the card comes only from other documents such as electricity bills. There is no requirement to notify the change of address, leading to the situation that the current address is often verified by showing bills related to the current home.
There is a plan to introduce a new identity card ( carte d'identità © à © nationale à © à © lectronique sÃÆ' à © curisà © à © e or INES) to be implemented starting in 2007, but they are still in the legislative process. This scheme has much in common with UK ID cards.
German
Resident registration is a community task that often sets up a separate resident registration office to run the population list ( Einwohnermelderegister or Melderegister ). List of residents is a public listing in Germany - within the confines of the personal privacy of the population ( Meldegeheimnis ). Since 2007 the registration office will electronically register at the old residency registration office. The principal residence concept listed ( Hauptwohnsitz ) has specific legal consequences, especially those involving taxes.
Although Germany (similar to Austria and Switzerland) has a strict registration system for centuries, there is strong opposition to a single identification number. All registration numbers are local to the Registry Office - even divided into one community to the office for a list of public servants, tax office, etc. In 2008 the new system was introduced with national taxpayer numbers. It remains to be debated how much information will be attached to the national identification number when the federal population list is activated.
Contrary to popular belief, there is no central administration of population registration in Germany. The exception is the registration of foreigners (see List of Foreigners (Germany)). Registration is organized by 5283 local offices throughout Germany. Until 2009, the legal requirements relating to the registration of the population were governed by state law, which differed in terms of the period allowed to register change of address (immediately in RP; within 1 week at BW, BY, HH, HE, MV, NI, NW, SL, ST, TH; and within two weeks on BE, BB, HB, SH, and SN). Each country is able to produce its own laws and regulations governing access to personal information on the list and the cost of providing residency documents (Melderegisterauskunft for yourself or for a third person.
The "Reform of Federalism", which became effective on September 1, 2006, has transferred laws for the registration of citizens to the federal level. The Federal Ministry of the Interior is preparing a federal law to replace the state law on population registration scheduled to be effective by 2010. The new law will stipulate that the Federal Resident Register (Bundesmelderegister ) will be executed parallel to the locals. The national register should collect a number of personally identifiable images from various sources including population lists, civil registers and taxation offices. During a scandal with a list of well-acquired brokers from the catalog of database sales companies in 2008, the coalition parted ways with the question - Brigitte Zypries (SPD) opposed the plans of the interior ministry led by Wolfgang SchÃÆ'äuble (CDU). He proposed that the current local registration office should network instead. In the new government CDU and FDP, the plan was blocked, as the central database was clearly at odds with FDP's goal of increasing data privacy.
Hungarian
The list of residents is required to be run by KÃÆ'özponti AdatfeldolgozÃÆ'ó, NyilvÃÆ'ántartÃÆ'ó ÃÆ'à © s VÃÆ'álasztÃÆ'ási Hivatal, IgazgatÃÆ'ási ÃÆ'à © s FelÃÆ'ügyeleti FÃÆ'öÃÆ'ösztÃÆ'ály in Budapest. Hungarian citizens will declare their domicile to the local government while foreigners will register at the immigration office.
Iceland
Iceland has a list of population centers. Registration is mandatory.
Italy
In Italy, residential registration is mandatory and records are kept in a decentralized system. Unlike other countries, the reported residences are physically examined by government officials as well as previous residence registration. Therefore, official confirmation can take up to four months. Residents who move to a new residence abroad are recorded as expatriates in the database "Anagrafe degli Italiani Residenti all'Estero (A.I.R.E.)" (List of Italian Population Abroad). When they returned to Italy, they were registered from A.I.R.E and their new residence was registered by the local administrative authority.
A.I.R.E. registration is a duty for residents living in a foreign country for more than 12 months and for residents living abroad either as a result of being born there or obtaining Italian citizenship for any reason. Registration at A.I.R.E. made through a declaration (a special form available) made to a locally competent consular office within 90 days of transfer abroad.
Luxembourg
Change of address or transfer must be announced to local authorities in new residence within eight days (including arrival by EU/EEA citizens). Non-EU citizens, however, must declare their arrival to the local authority within three days, regardless of the intended duration of stay. Permanent or indeterminate departures from the Luxembourg region should also be announced to local authorities no later than the day before departure.
Dutch
List of residents must be run by Bureau Vestigingsregister in The Hague until 1994.
Since 1994 the Basic City Personal Information Administration (Gemeentelijke Basisadministratie Persoonsgegevens or GBA) is used. This is the central database entered by all Dutch municipalities. All Dutch residents (citizens and non-nationals) are required to register to their municipality.
Norwegian
The list of Norwegian residents is Det sentrale folkeregisteret (DSF) , or so-called Folkeregisteret . The English translation is List of National Populations .
This list is compulsory for all Norwegians, but foreigners only need to register when they intend to stay more than 3 months.
The Norwegian Tax Administration is responsible for ensuring that the list is complete and up to date. The register contains the following person information: birth date, name, father and parent's responsibilities, residential address, marital status, possible date of death, citizenship and some other information elements. It keeps track of the current values ââof these elements and versions of history. It is also used as a basis for tax list, voter list and used for population statistics. Information from the Registry is used by most other government agencies, such as the Norwegian Labor and Welfare Administration (NAV).
Portugal
There is no list of residents in Portugal.
Romanian
Romanian uses a national identity card (<> < Russian Federation
Registration is mandatory in the Russian Federation. There are separate registers for Russian citizens and foreign nationals or non-nationals, both run by the Federal Migration Service. Anyone can request address information for specific people from this list, but approval for address disclosure from the latter is mandatory and will be checked by list operators. In many cases, government offices will refuse to provide services to persons not registered in the districts in which these offices are located, even though the law does not allow it for unregistered persons at all.
Russian citizens must register their permanent residence within 7 days, temporary residence must be registered after living in the same place for more than 90 days.
Foreign nationals and stateless persons who have residence permits are required to register their permanent residence within 7 days. Temporary residence of foreign nationals and stateless persons registered on the application of their host (including employer, hotel administration, etc.). Such applications should be submitted within 7 days.
Applications are delivered to the FMS office by a communal service company, by its own applicants, by post or through an electronic government.
Russian citizens who fail to register in time can be fined 2,000-2500 rubles ($ 70- $ 80). Russian hosts who fail to register their foreign guests in time can be fined 2,000-500,000 rubles ($ 70- $ 17000). Foreign nationals failing to register in due time can be fined 2,000-5000 rubles ($ 70- $ 170).
Serbian
The list of residents must be handled separately by regional offices even before Yugoslavia is split into sovereign states.
Swedish
The list of Swedish residents is required by Swedish Tax Agency ( Skatteverket ), which also maintains a Swedish personal identity number ( personnummer ), national identification number.
Almost all companies have registered for direct access to population lists such as telephone companies, power companies and so on. This leads to a situation where someone relocates only needs to declare a new address to a resident resident and all charges will be automatically transferred to a new location. While this makes it easier to handle administrative tasks to take on new homes, it is also criticized for the lack of privacy of personal data.
Switzerland and Liechtenstein
Registration of residents must be called Einwohnerkontrolle (population control) in Liechtenstein and the German-speaking part of Switzerland. The resident register is subject to a local authority named Einwohneramt (residency office), Einwohnerkontrolle (office of resident registration) or Personenmeldeamt (office enrollment) office). Foreign residents are subject to a list of federal residents run by the immigration office. Any relocation must be declared to the resident register including notice of departure when moving abroad.
United Kingdom
In the UK there is no such resident registration. The head of the household is required to register eligible voters in the household, although the registration of the mandatory individuals in accordance with the Political Party and the 2009 General Election is planned; registration is mandatory under article 23 of the People's Representation Rules (England and Wales) 2001 (No. 341). Census Settlement is mandatory in accordance with section 8 of the 1920 Census Act.
Identity Card Act 2006 is provided for the introduction of UK ID cards which must be linked to a citizen registration system which will also contain information deemed necessary by the government; however, after the 2010 General Election the scheme was abolished by the Identity Document Act 2010.
Asia and Oceania
Australia
Australia does not have a compulsory residence, although residential information needs to be disclosed in many situations, such as voter registration, passport application, state health care card, and updated on driver's license, motor vehicle registration, and many other purposes.
China
In China the Hukou system is used for civil registration and civil registration. This system was inherited from the time of the empire and there was an interest to reform the law about it.
Japanese
In Japan, the koseki system is used to record Japanese families and the juminhyo system is used to record every citizen. Foreigners must register within 90 days under the place of law for registration of foreigners in Japan who create separate databases for foreign residents.
The Basic Population Registry Network or "Juki Net" was introduced in 2003. It was introduced to improve government efficiency with 264 government tasks to be attached to the new system. In the new system, a person's identification number is given which consists of eleven digits that can be used in place of other identification documents.
Pakistan
In Pakistan, the NADRA system was used to record Pakistani families and the District Council system was used to record individual populations. Foreigners must register within 90 days under a legal place for registration of foreigners in Pakistan who created a separate database for foreign residents.
South Korea
The resident registration number in South Korea consists of 13 digits also shown on the ID card. Foreigners will receive a replacement number on their alien registration card. The use of abundant registration numbers including one third of the national internet web site requires registration with registration number and one third can not accept foreign registration card number.
See also
- National identification number
- Schengen Information System
- Social Security Number
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia