Africa Bambaataa (born Lance Taylor ; April 17, 1957) was a disc jockey, singer, songwriter and producer from South Bronx, New York. He is best known for releasing a series of electro-tracks that determined the genre in the 1980s that influenced the development of hip hop culture. Afrika Bambaataa is one of the originators of DJing and is known as "The Godfather" and "Amen Ra of Hip Hop Kulture", as well as the father of electro funk. Through the co-optation of the Black Spades street gang into the Zulu Nation-oriented music and culture, it has helped spread the hip hop culture around the world.
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Born as Lance Taylor (presumably Kevin Donovan) to Jamaican and Barbados immigrants, Bambaataa grew up on the Bronx River Project, with an activist and uncle mother. As a child, he was exposed to the black liberation movement, and witnessed the debate between his mother and his uncle about the conflicting ideology in the movement. She is exposed to her extensive and eclectic collection of mother records. The gangs in the area became law, cleared their territory from drug dealers, assisted with public health programs and fought and partied to defend members and territories. Bambaataa is a member of Black Spades. He quickly rose to the position of warlord of one of the divisions. As a warlord, it was his duty to build the rank and expand the territory of the young Spades. He is not afraid to cross the grass to establish relationships with other gang members, and with other gangs. As a result, Spades became the largest gang in town in terms of membership and grass.
After Bambaataa won an essay contest that made him travel to Africa, his world view shifted. He has seen the movie Zulu and was impressed with the solidarity shown by Zulu in the film. During his trip to Africa, the community he visited inspired him to create one in his own environment. He changed his name to African Bambaataa Aasim, adopting the name of Zulu Bhambatha's head, who led an armed rebellion against unfair economic practices in the early 20th century of South Africa. He told the people that his name was Zulu for "a loving leader." Bambaataa formed The "Bronx River Organization" as an alternative to Black Spades.
Maps Afrika Bambaataa
Careers
Inspired by DJ Kool Herc and Kool DJ Dee, Bambaataa began hosting the hip-hop party that began in 1976. He vowed to use hip-hop to draw angry children out of the gang and form the Zulu Universal Nation. Robert Keith Wiggins, a.k.a. "Cowboy" from Grandmaster Flash and Furious Five, credited with naming hip-hop; this term became a common phrase used by MC as part of a fragmented-inspired style of poetry. In the documentary Just to Get a Rep, author Steven Hager claims that the first "hip-hop" used in the print is in his Voice Village article where he quotes Bambaataa who have invoked a "hip-hop "in an interview.
In 1982, Bambaataa and his followers, a group of dancers, artists, and DJs, traveled out of the United States on the first hip hop tour. He sees that hip hop tours will be key to helping expand hip hop and the Universe Zulu Nation. It will also help promote the values ​​of hip hop that he believes is based on peace, unity, love, and fun. He brings peace to the gang; many artists and gang members say that "hip hop saved many lives." His influence inspired many overseas artists such as French rapper MC Solaar. He is a popular DJ in The South Bronx, and is known not only as Africa Bambaataa but also as "Master of Records." He founded two rap crews: Jazzy 5 included MC Master Ice, Mr. Freeze, Master Bee, Master D.E.E, and AJ Les, and the second crew called Soulsonic Force including Mr. Biggs, Pow Wow and Emcee G.L.O.B.E.
In 1982, Taylor, inspired by the futuristic electronic music of Kraftwerk, debuted at The Roxy, a test cassette of ground breaking EBN-OZN, a 12-inch white rap/word pronounced "AEIOU Sometimes Y," the first American single released commercially ever made. on the computer, CMI Fairlight, ushered in a musical sampling era.
In the same year Bambaataa and Soulsonic Force dropped a live band to become high-tech. Bambaataa praised the pioneering Japanese electropop group, Yellow Magic Orchestra, whose work he took as inspiration. He also borrowed a frightening keyboard hook from the Kraftwerk German electronic pioneer and was given Roland TR-808's "beat-box" electronics by producer Arthur Baker and synthesizer player John Robie. It produces "Planet Rock," which goes to gold status and produces a rap music school and "electro-boogie" dance music. Bambaataa formed its own label to release the Time Zone Compilation. He created "turntablism" as his own subgenre and the ratification of "electronica" as an industry-certified trend in the late 1990s.
Birth of the Zulu Nation
In the late 1970s, Bambaataa formed what is known as the Zulu Universal Nation, a group of socially and socially conscious rapper, B-boys, graffiti artists and others involved in hip hop culture. In 1977, inspired by DJ Kool Herc and DJ Dee, and after Disco King Mario lent his first equipment, Bambaataa began organizing block parties throughout The South Bronx. He even faces his old friend, Disco King Mario in the battle of DJ. He then began performing at Adlai E. Stevenson High School and formed the Bronx River Organization, then only "Organization". Bambaataa has stormed into her own voice system at the Bronx River Home Community Center, with Mr Biggs, Queen of Kenya, and Cowboy, who accompanied her in a show in the community. Due to his previous status in Black Spades, he already has an established Army party crowd taken from former gang members. The hip hop culture spreads through the streets through house parties, block parties, gymnastics dances and mixed cassettes.
About a year later Bambaataa reformed the group, calling it the Zulu Nation (inspired by its extensive research on African history at the time.) In particular, Bambaataa watched the 1964 film Zulu , which sparked a name for the group. Five b-boys join him, which he calls Zulu Kings, and then form Zulu Queens, and Shaka Zulu Kings and Queens. As he continued, more DJs, rapper, b-boys, b-girls, graffiti writers, and artists followed him, and he took them under his wing and made them all members of Zulu Nation. He is also the founder of Soulsonic Force, which originally consisted of about twenty members of Zulu Nation: Mr. Biggs, Queen Kenya, DJ Cowboy Soulsonic Force (# 2), Pow Wow, G.L.0.B.E. (Creator of rap style "MC popping"), DJ Jazzy Jay, Cosmic Force, Queen Lisa Lee, Prince Ikey C, Ice Ice (# 1), Chubby Chub; Jazzy Five-DJ Jazzy Jay, Frozen Master, Master D.E.E, Kool DJ Red Alert, Sundance, Ice Ice (# 2), Charlie Choo, Master Bee, Busy Bee Starski, Akbar (Lil Starski), and Raheim. Personnel for the Soulsonic Force are the groups in the groups with whom he will perform and make notes.
In 1980, the Taylor group made Death Mix , their first recording with Paul Winley Records. According to Bambaata, this is an unauthorized release. Winley recorded two versions of Soulsonic Force's single landmark, "Zulu Nation Throwdown," with authorization from the musicians. Disappointed with the single outcome, Bambaataa left the company. The arranger's credit on this recording is correctly linked to the Harlem Underground Band leader, Kevin Donovan. This leads to a false assumption that Bambaataa's real name is Kevin Donovan, widely accepted by the hip hop community to date, following allegations of sexual harassment, as Bronx River residents speak and express in oral testimony that Bambaataa's actual name is actually Lance Taylor.
The Zulu nation was the first hip-hop organization, with the official birthday of November 12, 1977. Bambaataa's plan with the Zulu Universal Nation is to build an outgrowth of the creativity of a new generation of wasted youths authentically, freeing the worldview.
Recognition
In 1981, hip hop artist Fab Five Freddy collected music packages at Manhattan's new wave club in downtown Manhattan, and invited Bambaataa to perform in one of them, Mudd Club. This is the first time Bambaataa has appeared before a white-dominated crowd. The presence of his party in the city center became so great that he had to move to a bigger place, first to the Ritz, in an event hosted by hip hop pioneer Michael Holman with the Malcolm McLaren Bow Wow Wow group, then to Peppermint Lounge, The Jefferson , Negril, Danceteria and Roxy. "Planet Rock," a popular single produced by Arthur Baker and keyboardist John Robie, came out in June under the names Africa Bambaataa and Soulsonic Force. This song borrows musical motifs from German electronic music, funk, and rock. Various elements and styles of music are shared. The song became a direct hit and stormed music charts around the world. The song brings together the main melody of Kraftwerk "Trans-Europe Express" with electronic beats based on their song "Numbers" as well as part of the recording by Babe Ruth and Captain Sky, thus creating a whole new musical style, electro funk.
Africa Bambaataa was booked on the first European hip hop tour presented by Europe One and Fnac France. Along with himself are rapper and graffiti artist Rammellzee, Zulu Nation DJ Grand Mixer DXT (formerly Grand Mixer D.St), B-boy and B-girl crew Rock Steady Crew, and Double Dutch Girls, as well as legendary graffiti artist. Fab 5 Freddy, PHASE 2, Futura 2000, and Dondi.
The second release of Bambaataa around 1983 was "Finding the Perfect Beat," then, "Renegades of Funk," both with the same Soulsonic Force. He started working with producer Bill Laswell on Jean Karakos's Celluloid Records, where he developed and placed two groups on the label: Time Zone and Shango. Bambaataa recorded "Wildstyle" with Time Zone, and he recorded collaborations with punk rockers John Lydon and Time Zone in 1984, entitled "World Destruction." The Shango album, Shango Funk Theology , was released by label in 1984. That same year, Bambaataa and other hip hop celebrities appeared in the movie Beat Street. He also made a historic recording with James Brown, entitled "Unity." It was billed in the music industry as "Godfather of Soul meets the Godfather of Hip Hop."
Around October 1985, Bambaataa and other music stars worked on the Sun City anti-apartheid album with Little Steven Van Zandt, Joey Ramone, Run-D.M.C., Lou Reed, U2, and others. During 1988, he recorded "Africa Bambaataa and Family" for Capitol Records, entitled The Light, featuring Miss Hendryx, UB40, Boy George, George Clinton, Bootsy Collins, and Yellowman. He has recorded several other works with the Family three years earlier, entitled "Funk You" in 1985, and the other entitled "Beware (The Funk Is Everywhere)" in 1986. In 1986 he found an artist in Atlanta. (Via MC SHY D) under the name Kenya Miler a.k.a. MC Harmony (Producer now known as Kenya Fame Flames Miller), which was later signed by Criminal Records and Arthur Baker. The group is Harmony and LG. The first single, 1987 "Dance To The Drums/No Joke," was produced by Bambaataa and Baker with musicians Keith LeBlanc and Doug Wimbish. Bambaataa was involved in the Stop Violence Movement, and with other hip hop artists recording "Self-Destruction", a single 12 "reached number one on the Hot Rap Singles Chart in March 1989. The single went gold and collected $ 400,000 for the National Urban League to be used for the community's nonviolent education program.
In 1990, Bambaataa made the edition of "Most Important Americans of the 20th century" Life magazine. He was also involved in the anti apartheid work of "Hip Hop Artist Against Apartheid" for Warlock Records. He teamed up with Jungle Brothers to record the album Back to Planet Rock (The Second Coming) .
Gee Street Records, Bambaataa and John Baker held a concert at Wembley Stadium in London in 1990 for the African National Congress (ANC), in honor of Nelson Mandela's release from prison. The concert brought together British and American rapper, and also introduced Nelson and Winnie Mandela and ANC to hip hop audiences. In connection with the event, the recording of Ndodemnyama (Free South Africa) helped collect about $ 30,000 for the ANC.
From the mid-1990s, Bambaataa returned to its electro root. In 1998, he produced a remix of "Planet Rock" that incorporated elements of electro and home music, called "Planet Rock '98," which is considered to be the earliest example of the electro house genre. In 2000, Rage Against the Machine covered the song "Renegades of Funk" for their album, Renegades. That same year, he collaborated with Leftfield on the song "African Shox," the first single from Leftfield's Rhythm and Stealth . "African Shox" also appeared on the soundtrack for Vanilla Sky . In 2004, he collaborated with WestBam, a group named after him, on the 2004 album Dark Matter Moving at the Speed ​​of Light featuring Gary Numan. In 2006, she appeared on the British singer's album Jamelia Walk With Me on a song titled "Do Me Right," and on the Mekon album Some Thing Came Up , on track "D -Funktional. " She performed the lyrics on the track "Is There Anybody Out There" by The Bassheads (Basshead Village). As an actor, he has played various roles of voice character in Kung Faux.
Bambaataa is the judge for the 6th annual Independent Music Awards to support the career of independent artists. On September 27, 2007, it was announced that Africa Bambaataa was one of nine nominations for the 2008 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Inductions. On December 22, 2007, he made a surprise appearance appearing on First Annual Fit Tribute To King of King Records, Mr. Dynamite James Brown in Covington, Kentucky.
On August 14, 2012, Bambaataa was given a three-year appointment as a visiting scholar at Cornell University. The appointment was made in collaboration between Hip Hop Collection of Cornell University Library, the largest collection of historical hip hop music in North America, and the University Music department. Archives, including vinyl collections, original audio and video recordings, manuscripts, books, and papers arrive at Cornell University's Hip Hop Collection in December 2013.
Allegations of sexual harassment
In April 2016, Bronx political activist Ronald Savage accused Bambaata of persecuting him in 1980, when Savage was 15 years old. After the Savage allegations, three other men accused Bambaataa of sexually abusing her. Bambaataa issued a statement to Rolling Stone denying the allegations. On May 6, 2016, Bambaataa left his position as head of the Zulu Nation.
Discography
Albums
Singles
See also
- Unable to Stop, Will Not Stop: Hip-Hop Generation History
References
External links
- Africa Bambaataa biography in hiphop.sh
- Africa Bambaataa discography in MusicBrainz
- Bambaataa Africa in Allmusic
- Bambaataa Africa in IMDb
- Bambaataa, Africa (November 12, 2012). "DJ Afrika Bambaataa". NAMM.org (Interview). The Oral History Library. National Merchants Music Association . Retrieved October 11, 2016 . Ã, - speaking about bringing in more breakbeats that many DJ hip hop still use today and his favorite DJ battles
- Africa Bambaataa Interview on Elementality
- Bambaataa Africa in WhoSampled
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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